Zanthoxylum nitidum

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Liangmianzhen

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Shiny Pricklyash

Specific Name  : Radix zanthoxyli

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected all year round, wash clean, sliced or sectioned and dried.

Description  : Occurring in thick slices or cylindrical sections, 2- 20 cm long, 0.5 - 6 (10) cm thick. Externally pale brownish yellow or pale yellow, exhibiting bright yellow or yellowish brown subrounded lenticels. Cut surface rather smooth, bark pale brown, wood pale yellow, showing concentrical annulations and dense pores. Texture hard, odour slightly aromatic, taste pungent, numb and bitter.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section: Cork consisting of 10 - 15 rows of cells. Phloem scattered with a few prisms of calcium oxalate and oil cells, 52 - 122 µm in long diameter. 28 - 87 µm in short diameter, the outside phloem having some lignified fibres, single or 2 - 5 grouped. In xylem vessels 35 - 98 µm in diameter, surrounded by fibre bundles, wood rays 1 - 3 rows of cells in width, with simple pits. Parenchymatous cells packed with starch granules.2.Moisten 1 g of the powder in 0.5 ml concentrated ammonia TS. Macerate 10 ml of chloroform for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol. Take 3 - 4 drops of methanol solutions into a 10 ml stopper test tube. Add 0.5 ml of chromotropic acid and 3 ml of sulfuric acid and heat the test tube on a water bath for 10 minutes, a deep purple colour appears.3.Add 15 ml of ethanol to 1 g of the reference drug of Radix Zanthoxyli, warm, macerate for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of ethanol and use it as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and benzen-ethyl acetate-methanol-isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5:3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apple separately to the plate 2 µl of each of the test solution, the reference drug solution and the reference solution used for assay. After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air and examine under the ultra violet light (365 nm). A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the solution of reference drug and a light yellow fluorescent spot corresponds in color and position to the spot to the chromatogram obtained from the reference solution used for assay4.Dissolve ethoxychelerythrine CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml used as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol (25:2:0.1) as the mobile phase 2 µ of the reference solutions, 2 µl of each of the solution of reference drug and test solution used in Identification (3). After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Examine under ultra violet light. A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the reference drug and orange yellow fluorescent spot correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from reference solution.Assay: To 1 g of the coarse powder, weigh accurately in a Soxlet's extractor, extract by heating under reflux until the reflux fluid becomes colorless. Concentrate the extract on a water bath to about 2 ml, transfer it into a 10 ml volumetric flask. Add methanol to volume, mix well and use it as the test solution. Dissolve nitidine chloride CRS, weighed accurately, in ethanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the coating substance and weighed accurately, benzene-ethyl-acetate-methanol, isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5.3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apply alternately 4 µl of the test solution, 1 µl and 4 µl of reference solution to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (365 nm). Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (thin layer chromatograpic scanning method, Appendix Vl B), scan the chromatogram at wave length of Ûs =300 nm, measure the integration values of absorbance for test solution and reference solution, calculate. It contains not less than 0.25% of nitidine chloride (C21H18NO2), calculated on dried basis.

Processing  : Eliminate dust and cut into pieces.(Carbonized) Receptaculum Nelumbinis: Carbonized as described under the method for carbonizing by calcining

Action  : Not Found

Indication  : traumatic injury; rheumatic arthralgia; stomachache; toothache; snakebite external: scalds

Precautions  : Overdosage is avoided, incompatible with food of sour flavour.

Dosage  : 5 to 10 g; appropriate quantity for external use. Abrasive powder for application or simmer in water for washing the afftected part of body.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place, protected from moisture and moth.

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Liangmianzhen

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Shiny Pricklyash

Specific Name  : Radix zanthoxyli

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected all year round, wash clean, sliced or sectioned and dried.

Description  : Occurring in thick slices or cylindrical sections, 2- 20 cm long, 0.5 - 6 (10) cm thick. Externally pale brownish yellow or pale yellow, exhibiting bright yellow or yellowish brown subrounded lenticels. Cut surface rather smooth, bark pale brown, wood pale yellow, showing concentrical annulations and dense pores. Texture hard, odour slightly aromatic, taste pungent, numb and bitter.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section: Cork consisting of 10 - 15 rows of cells. Phloem scattered with a few prisms of calcium oxalate and oil cells, 52 - 122 µm in long diameter. 28 - 87 µm in short diameter, the outside phloem having some lignified fibres, single or 2 - 5 grouped. In xylem vessels 35 - 98 µm in diameter, surrounded by fibre bundles, wood rays 1 - 3 rows of cells in width, with simple pits. Parenchymatous cells packed with starch granules.2.Moisten 1 g of the powder in 0.5 ml concentrated ammonia TS. Macerate 10 ml of chloroform for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol. Take 3 - 4 drops of methanol solutions into a 10 ml stopper test tube. Add 0.5 ml of chromotropic acid and 3 ml of sulfuric acid and heat the test tube on a water bath for 10 minutes, a deep purple colour appears.3.Add 15 ml of ethanol to 1 g of the reference drug of Radix Zanthoxyli, warm, macerate for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of ethanol and use it as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and benzen-ethyl acetate-methanol-isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5:3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apple separately to the plate 2 µl of each of the test solution, the reference drug solution and the reference solution used for assay. After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air and examine under the ultra violet light (365 nm). A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the solution of reference drug and a light yellow fluorescent spot corresponds in color and position to the spot to the chromatogram obtained from the reference solution used for assay4.Dissolve ethoxychelerythrine CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml used as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol (25:2:0.1) as the mobile phase 2 µ of the reference solutions, 2 µl of each of the solution of reference drug and test solution used in Identification (3). After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Examine under ultra violet light. A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the reference drug and orange yellow fluorescent spot correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from reference solution.Assay: To 1 g of the coarse powder, weigh accurately in a Soxlet's extractor, extract by heating under reflux until the reflux fluid becomes colorless. Concentrate the extract on a water bath to about 2 ml, transfer it into a 10 ml volumetric flask. Add methanol to volume, mix well and use it as the test solution. Dissolve nitidine chloride CRS, weighed accurately, in ethanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the coating substance and weighed accurately, benzene-ethyl-acetate-methanol, isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5.3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apply alternately 4 µl of the test solution, 1 µl and 4 µl of reference solution to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (365 nm). Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (thin layer chromatograpic scanning method, Appendix Vl B), scan the chromatogram at wave length of Ûs =300 nm, measure the integration values of absorbance for test solution and reference solution, calculate. It contains not less than 0.25% of nitidine chloride (C21H18NO2), calculated on dried basis.

Processing  : Eliminate dust and cut into pieces.(Carbonized) Receptaculum Nelumbinis: Carbonized as described under the method for carbonizing by calcining

Action  : Not Found

Indication  : traumatic injury; rheumatic arthralgia; stomachache; toothache; snakebite external: scalds

Precautions  : Overdosage is avoided, incompatible with food of sour flavour.

Dosage  : 5 to 10 g; appropriate quantity for external use. Abrasive powder for application or simmer in water for washing the afftected part of body.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place, protected from moisture and moth.

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Liangmianzhen

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Shiny Pricklyash

Specific Name  : Radix zanthoxyli

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected all year round, wash clean, sliced or sectioned and dried.

Description  : Occurring in thick slices or cylindrical sections, 2- 20 cm long, 0.5 - 6 (10) cm thick. Externally pale brownish yellow or pale yellow, exhibiting bright yellow or yellowish brown subrounded lenticels. Cut surface rather smooth, bark pale brown, wood pale yellow, showing concentrical annulations and dense pores. Texture hard, odour slightly aromatic, taste pungent, numb and bitter.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section: Cork consisting of 10 - 15 rows of cells. Phloem scattered with a few prisms of calcium oxalate and oil cells, 52 - 122 µm in long diameter. 28 - 87 µm in short diameter, the outside phloem having some lignified fibres, single or 2 - 5 grouped. In xylem vessels 35 - 98 µm in diameter, surrounded by fibre bundles, wood rays 1 - 3 rows of cells in width, with simple pits. Parenchymatous cells packed with starch granules.2.Moisten 1 g of the powder in 0.5 ml concentrated ammonia TS. Macerate 10 ml of chloroform for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol. Take 3 - 4 drops of methanol solutions into a 10 ml stopper test tube. Add 0.5 ml of chromotropic acid and 3 ml of sulfuric acid and heat the test tube on a water bath for 10 minutes, a deep purple colour appears.3.Add 15 ml of ethanol to 1 g of the reference drug of Radix Zanthoxyli, warm, macerate for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of ethanol and use it as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and benzen-ethyl acetate-methanol-isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5:3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apple separately to the plate 2 µl of each of the test solution, the reference drug solution and the reference solution used for assay. After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air and examine under the ultra violet light (365 nm). A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the solution of reference drug and a light yellow fluorescent spot corresponds in color and position to the spot to the chromatogram obtained from the reference solution used for assay4.Dissolve ethoxychelerythrine CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml used as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol (25:2:0.1) as the mobile phase 2 µ of the reference solutions, 2 µl of each of the solution of reference drug and test solution used in Identification (3). After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Examine under ultra violet light. A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the reference drug and orange yellow fluorescent spot correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from reference solution.Assay: To 1 g of the coarse powder, weigh accurately in a Soxlet's extractor, extract by heating under reflux until the reflux fluid becomes colorless. Concentrate the extract on a water bath to about 2 ml, transfer it into a 10 ml volumetric flask. Add methanol to volume, mix well and use it as the test solution. Dissolve nitidine chloride CRS, weighed accurately, in ethanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the coating substance and weighed accurately, benzene-ethyl-acetate-methanol, isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5.3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apply alternately 4 µl of the test solution, 1 µl and 4 µl of reference solution to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (365 nm). Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (thin layer chromatograpic scanning method, Appendix Vl B), scan the chromatogram at wave length of Ûs =300 nm, measure the integration values of absorbance for test solution and reference solution, calculate. It contains not less than 0.25% of nitidine chloride (C21H18NO2), calculated on dried basis.

Processing  : Eliminate dust and cut into pieces.(Carbonized) Receptaculum Nelumbinis: Carbonized as described under the method for carbonizing by calcining

Action  : Not Found

Indication  : traumatic injury; rheumatic arthralgia; stomachache; toothache; snakebite external: scalds

Precautions  : Overdosage is avoided, incompatible with food of sour flavour.

Dosage  : 5 to 10 g; appropriate quantity for external use. Abrasive powder for application or simmer in water for washing the afftected part of body.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place, protected from moisture and moth.

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Liangmianzhen

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Shiny Pricklyash

Specific Name  : Radix zanthoxyli

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected all year round, wash clean, sliced or sectioned and dried.

Description  : Occurring in thick slices or cylindrical sections, 2- 20 cm long, 0.5 - 6 (10) cm thick. Externally pale brownish yellow or pale yellow, exhibiting bright yellow or yellowish brown subrounded lenticels. Cut surface rather smooth, bark pale brown, wood pale yellow, showing concentrical annulations and dense pores. Texture hard, odour slightly aromatic, taste pungent, numb and bitter.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section: Cork consisting of 10 - 15 rows of cells. Phloem scattered with a few prisms of calcium oxalate and oil cells, 52 - 122 µm in long diameter. 28 - 87 µm in short diameter, the outside phloem having some lignified fibres, single or 2 - 5 grouped. In xylem vessels 35 - 98 µm in diameter, surrounded by fibre bundles, wood rays 1 - 3 rows of cells in width, with simple pits. Parenchymatous cells packed with starch granules.2.Moisten 1 g of the powder in 0.5 ml concentrated ammonia TS. Macerate 10 ml of chloroform for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of methanol. Take 3 - 4 drops of methanol solutions into a 10 ml stopper test tube. Add 0.5 ml of chromotropic acid and 3 ml of sulfuric acid and heat the test tube on a water bath for 10 minutes, a deep purple colour appears.3.Add 15 ml of ethanol to 1 g of the reference drug of Radix Zanthoxyli, warm, macerate for 30 minutes and ultrasonicate for 30 minutes and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of ethanol and use it as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and benzen-ethyl acetate-methanol-isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5:3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apple separately to the plate 2 µl of each of the test solution, the reference drug solution and the reference solution used for assay. After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air and examine under the ultra violet light (365 nm). A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the solution of reference drug and a light yellow fluorescent spot corresponds in color and position to the spot to the chromatogram obtained from the reference solution used for assay4.Dissolve ethoxychelerythrine CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml used as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and toluene-ethyl acetate-methanol (25:2:0.1) as the mobile phase 2 µ of the reference solutions, 2 µl of each of the solution of reference drug and test solution used in Identification (3). After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with mobile phase for 10 minutes and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Examine under ultra violet light. A fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained from the test solution correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from the reference drug and orange yellow fluorescent spot correspond in colour and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained from reference solution.Assay: To 1 g of the coarse powder, weigh accurately in a Soxlet's extractor, extract by heating under reflux until the reflux fluid becomes colorless. Concentrate the extract on a water bath to about 2 ml, transfer it into a 10 ml volumetric flask. Add methanol to volume, mix well and use it as the test solution. Dissolve nitidine chloride CRS, weighed accurately, in ethanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as the coating substance and weighed accurately, benzene-ethyl-acetate-methanol, isopropanol-concentrated ammonia TS (20:5.3:1:0.12) as the mobile phase. Apply alternately 4 µl of the test solution, 1 µl and 4 µl of reference solution to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (365 nm). Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (thin layer chromatograpic scanning method, Appendix Vl B), scan the chromatogram at wave length of Ûs =300 nm, measure the integration values of absorbance for test solution and reference solution, calculate. It contains not less than 0.25% of nitidine chloride (C21H18NO2), calculated on dried basis.

Processing  : Eliminate dust and cut into pieces.(Carbonized) Receptaculum Nelumbinis: Carbonized as described under the method for carbonizing by calcining

Action  : Not Found

Indication  : traumatic injury; rheumatic arthralgia; stomachache; toothache; snakebite external: scalds

Precautions  : Overdosage is avoided, incompatible with food of sour flavour.

Dosage  : 5 to 10 g; appropriate quantity for external use. Abrasive powder for application or simmer in water for washing the afftected part of body.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place, protected from moisture and moth.

Evidence or the Use of Zanthoxylum nitidum in the Treatment of Epilepesy

1st Five Results: pubmed search

Kétomon Pierre Challaton, Coovi Guénolé Akouedegni, Goué Géorcelin Alowanou, Kadoéito Cyrille Boko, Placide Mahougnan Toklo, Mawulé Sylvie Hounzangbé-Adoté
Gastrointestinal anthelmintic plants used on small ruminants in Benin: Traditional use and scientific results - Review.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports: 2024, 50;101015
[PubMed:38644039] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Weilong Gao, Jiangbo Nie, Jia Yao, Jianxin Wang, Shengshu Wang, Xueli Zhang, Yonghong Liu, Yulin Liu
##Title##
Physiol Mol Biol Plants: 2024, 30(3);369-382
[PubMed:38633272] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Yan-Ni Liang, Nan Cui, Xiao-Bin Liang, Xi-Yang Huang, Wei Zhang, Hong Li
##Title##
Mitochondrial DNA B Resour: 2024, 9(4);506-511
[PubMed:38623176] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Thecla Okeahunwa Ayoka, Ngwu Nwachukwu, Aloysius Chinedu Ene, Chidi Uzoma Igwe, Charles Okeke Nnadi
##Title##
Indian J Clin Biochem: 2024, 39(2);188-196
[PubMed:38577140] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hiroaki Watanabe, Keita Hirai, Yuka Nakazawa, Ayaka Koike, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Takafumi Naito
Effect of Enoxaparin and Daikenchuto Coadministration on Hepatic Disorder Markers in Gynecological Cancer Patients after Abdominal Surgery.
Biol Pharm Bull: 2024, 47(4);758-763
[PubMed:38569843] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)