Pogostemon cablin

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Guanghuoxiang

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Cablin Patchouli Herb

Specific Name  : Herba pogostemonis

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected when foliage branch growing luxuriantly, exposed to the sun in the day and close tightly at night repeatedly until completely dried. According to different habitats it is classified into "Shipai Guanghouxiang" and "Hainan Guanghuoxiang"

Description  : Stems somewhat square, frequently branched, branches slightly curved, 30 - 60cm long, 2 - 7mm in diameter, externally pubescent, texture fragile, easily broken, fracture medullated in the center, old stems subcylindrical, 1 - 1.2cm in diameter covered with greyish brown cork, leaves opposite crumpled into masses when whole ovate or elliptical. 4 - 9cm long, 3 - 7cm wide, greenish white pubescent on both surfaces, apex short acute or obtuse rounded, base cuneate or obtuse rounded, margin irregularly serrate, petioles slender. 2 - 5cm long , pubescent, odour aromatic characteristic, taste slightly bitter.Shipai Guanghuoxiang: Branches relatively thin, externally crumpled, greyish yellow or greyish brown, internodes 3 - 7cm long, leaf scars large prominent covered with cork below the middle part, deeply wrinkled longitudinally. Fracture gradually becoming subrounded, pith small. Leaves small and thick, dark greenish brown or greyish brown.Hainan Guanghuoxiang: Branches stout, externally even, greyish brown to pale purplish brown, internodes 5 - 13cm long. Leaf scars small and prominent indistinctly covered with cork near the lower part of branches, shallowly wrinkled longitudinally, fracture obtused square. Leaves large and thin, pale brown or pale yellowish brown.

Identification  : 1.Powder of leaf: Pale brown, epidermal cells irregular, stomata diacytic. Non-glandular hairs 1 -6 celled, straight or curved at the apex up to 500µm long, walls spinulous, some cells containing yellowish brown masses. Glandular scales with unicellular head, frequently window shaped or cleft in the surface view: 37 - 70µm in diameter and unicellular very short stalk. Intercellular glandular hairs occurring in the intercellular spaces of the palisade or parenchyma with unicellular head and irregularly saccular. 13 - 15µm in diameter up to about113µm long and unicellular short stalk. Small glandular hairs with bicecullar head and a 1 - 3-celled very short stalk. Needle crystals of calcium oxalate minute scattered in mesophyll cells up to about 27µm long.2.Weigh sufficient quantity of the coarse powder, carry out the following tests on the volatile oil obtained as describe under the determination of volatile oil (Appendix X D). To 1 drop of volatile oil add 0.5ml of chloroform and several drops of 5% solution of bromine in chloroform. Shipai Guanghuoxiang is decolorized at first and then a green color develops. Hainan Guanghuopxing is decolorized at first and then a violet colour develops. To another 1 drop of volatile oil add 0.5ml of benzene and a small quantity of 5% copper acetate solution. Mix well and allow the mixture to stand until separation takes place. Apply the supernatant benzene layer to a slide. After the evaporation of the benzene, add 1 - 2 drops of ethanol to the residue, allow to stand and observe under a microscope. In Shipai Guanghuoxiang numerous greyish blue needle crystals are visible and in Hainan Guanghuoxiang a small quantity of greyish blue crystals and green amorphous substance are visible3.Dillute 0.5ml of volatile oil obtained from identification test (2) to 5ml with ethyl acetate as the test solution. To patchouli alcohol CRS and ethyl acetate to prepare a solution containing 2mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel G as the coating substance and petroleum ether (30 - 60ºC-ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid (95:5:0.2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 1 - 2µl each of the two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Spray with 5% solutions of ferric chloride in ethanol. The chromatogram obtained with the test solution shows a yellow spot on blowing with a current of hot air and a purplish blue spot corresponding in the position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

Processing  : Remove the remains of roots and foreign matter, collect the leaves, sift and set aside. Wash clean the stems, soften thoroughly, cut into sections and dry in the sun then mix with the leaves.

Action  : To resolve turbid damp, improve appetite, arrest vomiting and to dispel summer-heat or summer-damp.

Indication  : lingering turbid damp in the spleen and stomach manifested by fullness in the epigastrium and vomiting; summer-damp marked by lassitude and fullness in the chest; cold-damp in the summer marked by abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea; sinusitis with headache

Precautions  :

Dosage  : 3 to 9 g.

Storage  : Preserve in a cool and dry place, protected from moisture.

Evidence or the Use of Pogostemon cablin in the Treatment of Epilepesy

1st Five Results: pubmed search

Yuchan Chen, Nuoyi Wang, Weipeng Ma, Wei Gu, Zihuan Sang, Haibo Tan, Weimin Zhang, Hongxin Liu
Irpexols A-C, xanthone derivatives from the endophyte fungus Irpex laceratus A878.
Fitoterapia: 2024;105952
[PubMed:38614405] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)

Wenguang Shi, Junyan Li, Siyun Xie, Xing Wang, Yuxin Zhang, Huaxiong Yao, Meiqi Chen, Jianbin Li, Zujun Deng
##Title##
Plant Dis: 2024;PDIS09231722RE
[PubMed:38613135] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P a)

Anita Khadka, Akash Budha Magar, Khaga Raj Sharma
##Title##
ScientificWorldJournal: 2024, 2024;5080176
[PubMed:38515931] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Jing Wenguang, Lin Xiaoyu, L I Chu, Zhao Xiaoliang, Cheng Xianlong, Wang Penglong, Wei Feng, M A Shuangcheng
Anti-inflammatory mechanism of the non-volatile ingredients originated from Guanghuoxiang based on high performance liquid chromatography-heated electron spray ionization-high resolution mass spectroscope and cell metabolomics.
J Tradit Chin Med: 2024, 44(2);260-267
[PubMed:38504532] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Shiqiang Xu, Fangping Li, Fang Zhou, Jingyu Li, Shike Cai, Shaohai Yang, Jihua Wang
##Title##
Hortic Res: 2024, 11(3);uhae021
[PubMed:38469380] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)