Paeonia lactiflora

Background

Baishao °×ÉÖ Chaohangshao ³´º¼ÉÖ Jiushao ¾ÆÉÖ Shengbaishao Éú°×ÉÖ Chinese Name (pinyin): Baishaoyao

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :White Peony Root

Specific Name  : Radix Paeoniae Alba

Scientific Name:
Collection  :

Description  :

Identification  :

Processing  :

Action  :

Indication  :

Precautions  :

Dosage  : 6-12g

Storage  :

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Baishao

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :White Peony Root

Specific Name  : Radix paeoniae alba

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected in summer and autumn, wash clean, remove from root stock, the lower part and rootlet, either peeled after boiling in water or boiled after peeling and dried in the sun.

Description  : Cylindrical, straight or slightly curved, two ends truncate, 5 - 18 cm long, 1 - 2.5 cm in diameter. Externally whitish or pale reddish brown, glossy or with longitudinal wrinkles, rootlet scars and occasional remains of brown cork. Texture compact, easily broken, fracture relatively even, whitish or pale brownish red, cambium ring distinct and rays radial. Odour slight, taste slightly bitter and sour.

Identification  : 1.Powder: Yellowish white, masses of gelatinized starch granules fairly abundant. Clusters of calcium oxalate. 11 - 35 µm in diameter, packed in parenchymatous cells, often strange in a row or several ones in a cell. Bordered pitted or reticulate vessels 20 - 65 µm in diameter. Fibres long fusiform, 15 - 40 µm in diameter, walls thickened. Slightly lignified and large round pitted.2.Heat under reflux 5g of the powder with 50 ml of ether for 30 minutes and filter. Evaporate 10 ml of the filtrate to dryness on a water bath, add 1ml of acetic anhydride and 4 - 5 drops of sulfuric aid, a yellow colour is produced which turns red, violet and finally to green color.3.Shake 0.5g of the powder with 10 ml of ethanol for 5 minutes and filter. Evaporate the fitrate to dryness to dissolve the residue in 1 ml of ethanol as the test solution. Dissolve peoniflorin CRS in ethanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B), using silica gel G as the coating substance and chloroform ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid (40:5:10:0.2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10 µl of each of the two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, spray with 5% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid, visualize with current of hot air. The bluish purple spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour with the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

Processing  : Wash clean thoroughly, cut into thin slices and dry.Stir fried: Stir fry the slices as described under the method for simple stir frying (Appendix ll D) until it becomes yellowish.Stir fried with wine: Stir fry the slices as described under the method of stir fried with wine (Appendix ll D) until it becomes yellowish.

Action  : To subdue hyperactivity of the liver and relieve pain, to nourish blood and regulate menstruation, and to check excessive perspiration.

Indication  : headache and dizziness; coastal and abdominal pain; spasmodic pain of the limbs; anemia; menstrual disorders; spontaneous sweating and night sweats

Precautions  : Incompatible with Rhizoma et Radix Veratri.

Dosage  : 6 to 15 g.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place, protected from moth.

Background

Chishaoyao ³àÉÖÒ© Chinese Name (pinyin): Chishao

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Red Peony Root

Specific Name  : Radix paeoniae rubra

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from rhizome, rootlet and dried in the sun.

Description  : Cylindrical, somewhat curved, 5 - 40 cm long, 0.5 - 3 cm in diameter. Externally brown, rough, longitudinally furrowed and wrinkled and showing rootlet scars and transversely prominent lenticels, sometimes the outer bark easily exfoliated. Texture hard and fragile, easily broken, fracture chalk white or pink, bark narrow wood with distinct radial striations. Sometimes with cleft, odour slightly, taste somewhat bitter, sour and astringent.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section: Cortex consisting of a few layers of brown cells. Parenchymatous cells in cortex elongated tangentially. Phloem relatively narrow, cambium in a ring. Xylem rays relatively broad, vessels arranged radially, accompanied by wood fibres. Parenchymatous cells containing clusters of calcium oxalate and starch granules.2.To 0.5g of the powder add 10 ml of water, boil and filter. To the filtrate add a drop of ferric chloride TS, a bluish black precipitate is produced.3.To 0.5 g of the powder add 10 ml of ethanol, shake thoroughly fro 5 minutes and filter. Evaporate the filtrate to dryness and dissolve the residue in 2 ml of ethanol as the test solution. Dissolve paeoniflorin CRS in ethanol to produced a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatoggraphy (Appendix Vl B), using silica gel G as the coating substance and chloroform ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid (40:5:10:0.2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 4 µl of each of the two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Spray with 5% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid, visualize with a current of hot air until the spot reveal clearly. The blue purple spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obateined wityh the reference solution.Assay: Reference preparation: Dissolve 5 mg of paeoniflorin CRS, accurately weighed and dried previously to constant weight at 80ºC in dehydrated ethanol to a 2 ml volumetric flask, add dehydrated ethanol to volume and mix well (containing 2.5 µg of paeoniflorin per µl)Preparation of Standard Curve: Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B) using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and chloroform methanol (5:1) as the mobile phase. Apply accurately in strips to the plate, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 µl of the reference solution separately. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air. Examine under ultra violet light (254 nm), scrape off the strips corresponding to paeoniflorin and an equal area of the coating gel from the same plate as the blank. To 10 ml cetrifugal tubes separately, add accurately 10 ml of absolute ethanol, shake thoroughly for 3 minutes, allow to stand for 10 minutes, centrifuge. Carry out the method for spectrophotometry (Appendix V A), measure the absorbances of the supernatants at 230 nm and plot the standard curve, using absorbance as ordinate and concentration as abcissa.Procedure: Weigh accurately 0.5 g of the powder of medium size to a stoppered conical flask, add accurately 10 ml of dehydrated ethanol, macerate at 40ºC on a water bath for four hours and filter. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B), using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and chloroform methanol (5:1) as the mobile phase. Apply in strips separately to the plate 50 µl, accurately measured of the above filtrate and 10 µl of the reference solution beside. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (254 nm). Scrape off the strips in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponding to the strips in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution. To a 10 ml centrifugal tube. Scrape off an equal area of silica gel GF254 from the same plate as blank. To each tube add accurately 10 ml of absolute ethanol, shake thoroughly for 3 minutes. Allow to stand for 10 minutes. Centrifuge, measure the absorbance of the supernatants at 230 nm. Read out the weight of paeoniflorin (µg) in the test solution from the standard curve and calculate. It contains not less than 2.0% of paeoniflorin (C23H26O11).

Processing  : Eliminate foreign matter, grade according to size, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slices and dry. Occurring in cylindrical slices, 0.5 - 3 cm in diameter. 0.3 - 0.5 cm thick, cut surface yellowish white or pink.

Action  : To remove heat from blood, to eliminate blood stasis, and to relieve pain.

Indication  : maculation in epidemic disease; spitting of blood, epistaxis; inflammation of the eye; pain in the chest and costal regions; amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea; mass formation in the abdomen; traumatic injuries; boils and sores

Precautions  : Incompatible with Rhizoma et Radix Veratri.

Dosage  : 6 to 12 g.

Storage  : Preserve in a ventilated dry place.

Evidence or the Use of Paeonia lactiflora in the Treatment of Epilepesy

1st Five Results: pubmed search

Yuan Deng, Qiong Zhao, Hong-Yun Zhou, Zi-Qi Zhang, Yu Zhan
Activation of ASIC3/ERK pathway by paeoniflorin improves intestinal fluid metabolism and visceral sensitivity in slow transit constipated rats.
Kaohsiung J Med Sci: 2024;
[PubMed:38634140] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)

Haijiao Shi, Miao Sun, Shuai Wang, Fanyu He, Ronglai Yang, Zheng Li, Wei Chen, Fengrong Wang
Jiawei Dachaihu decoction protects against mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis (AS) mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) via SIRT1/PGC-1α/TFAM/LON signaling pathway.
J Ethnopharmacol: 2024;118150
[PubMed:38631487] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)

Jian Song, Bo-Feng Qin, Qi-Yuan Feng, Jin-Jin Zhang, Gui-Yun Zhao, Zheng Luo, Hai-Ming Sun
Albiflorin ameliorates thioacetamide-induced hepatic fibrosis: The involvement of NURR1-mediated inflammatory signaling cascades in hepatic stellate cells activation.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf: 2024, 276;116334
[PubMed:38626607] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)

Mengna Zhao, Na Peng, Yingbo Zhou, Yuan Qu, Meng Cao, Qinghua Zou, Qinghong Yu, Liwei Lu, Fan Xiao
The immunoregulatory effects of total glucosides of paeony in autoimmune diseases.
J Leukoc Biol: 2024;
[PubMed:38626175] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)

Yonghui Li, Yingying Tian, Xiaojun Zhou, Xiangmeng Guo, Huiyuan Ya, Shipeng Li, Xiangli Yu, Congying Yuan, Kai Gao
Widely targeted metabolomics reveals differences in metabolites of Paeonia lactiflora cultivars.
PLoS One: 2024, 19(4);e0298194
[PubMed:38625916] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)