Gentiana manshurica

Background

Chinese Name (pinyin): Longdan

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Chinese Gentian

Specific Name  : Radix gentianae

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected in spring and autumn, washed clean and dried.

Description  : Longdan: Rhizomes irregularly lump shaped, 1 - 3 cm long, 0.3 - 1 cm in diameter, externally dark greyish brown or dark brown, upper part with stem scars or remains of stem bases, surroundings and the lower part bearing numerous slender roots. Roots cylindrical, slightly twisted, 10 - 20 cm long, 2 - 5 mm in diameter. Externally pale yellow or yellowish brown, mostly the upper part exhibiting obvious transverse wrinkles, lower part narrower and marked with longitudinal wrinkles and rootlet scars. Texture fragile, easily broken, fracture slightly even, bark yellowish white or yellowish brown, wood paler in colour and appearing dotted ringed. Odour slight, taste rather bitter.Jianlongdan: Externally with out transverse wrinkles, the outer layer membranaceous, easily fallen off, wood yellowish white, easily separated from bark.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section: Longdan Epidermal cells sometimes found the outer walls relatively thick. Cortex narrow, cells of exodermis subsquare, walls slightly thick, suberized, cells of endodermis elongated tangentially. Each cell divided with longitudinal walls into several subsquare small cells. Phloem broad and cleft. Cambium less distinct. Vessels 3 - 10 grouped. Pith distinct. Parenchymatous cells containing minute needles of calcium oxalate.Jianlongdan: The tissues outside the endodermis mostly falling off. Vessels in xylem well developed, evenly and densely distributed. Pith absent.Powder: Yellowish-brownLongdan: Cells of exodermis spindle shaped in surface view, each cell divided by transverse walls into several small rectangular cells. Cells of endodermis subrectangular in surface view, fairly large, periclinal walls showing minute transverse striations, each cell divided by longitudinal septa walls into several small palisade-like cells, mostly longitudinal septa beaded. Parenchymatous cells containing minute needle crystal of calcium oxalate. Reticulate and scalariform vessels up to about 36 µm in diameter.Jianlongdan: Exodrmis absent, cells of endodermis subsquare or subrectangular, trasnverse striations of the periclinal walls relatively dense and thick. Some up to 3µm thick, each cells divided into several small palisade-like cells, septa slightly thickened or beaded.2.Macerate 0.5g of the powder in 5 ml of methanol for 4 - 5 hours, filter, concentrate the filtrate to about 2 ml and use it as the test solution. Dissolve gentiopicroside CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml use as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B), using silica gel GF254 as the coating substance and ethyl acetate-methanol water (20:2:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 5 µl of each of the above two solutions to the plate, develop twice in the mobile phase. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (254 nm). A spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in color and position to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solutions.Total ash: Not more than 7%

Processing  : Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into sections and dry.

Action  : To eliminate damp-heat and quench the fire of the liver and gall bladder.

Indication  :

Precautions  :

Dosage  : 3 to 6 g.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place.

Evidence or the Use of Gentiana manshurica in the Treatment of Epilepesy

1st Five Results: pubmed search

Xing Wang, Dongmei Long, Xianghong Hu, Nan Guo
Gentiopicroside modulates glucose homeostasis in high-fat-diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice.
Front Pharmacol: 2023, 14;1172360
[PubMed:37601073] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

Hui Zou, Bingrui Chen, Boyan Zhang, Xinyu Zhou, Xiyuan Zhang, Xinxin Zhang, Jianwei Wang
##Title##
Front Plant Sci: 2023, 14;1184556
[PubMed:37564387] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

Lin Zhang, Xiuli Chu, Chen Xu, Gang Cui
Gentiopicroside Ameliorates Cerebrovascular Angiogenesis, Neuronal Injury and Immune Disorder in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via VEGF and Phosphorylated Nrf2 Elevation.
Discov Med: 2023, 35(177);565-575
[PubMed:37553310] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Xunxun Wu, Xintong Yang, Zhiyun Cheng, Suyun Li, Xiaokun Li, Haiyun Zhang, Yong Diao
Identification of Gentian-Related Species Based on Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy (2D-COS) Combined with Residual Neural Network (ResNet).
Molecules: 2023, 28(13);
[PubMed:37446662] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Rong Zhao, Shuyue Yin, Jianing Xue, Chang Liu, Yanping Xing, Haibo Yin, Xue Ren, Jixiang Chen, Dingding Jia
##Title##
Physiol Mol Biol Plants: 2022, 28(7);1421-1435
[PubMed:36051231] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)