Andrographis paniculata

Background

Lanhelian é­ºËÁ« Yijianxi Ò»¼ûϲ Chinese Name (pinyin): Chuanxinlian

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Green Chiretta

Specific Name  : Herba andrographitis

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected in early autumn when the plant is growing luxuriantly and dried in the sun.

Description  : Stems square and frequently branched, 50 - 70cm long, nodes slightly expanded. Texture fragile, easily broken, leaves simple opposite, short petioled or nearly sessile, lumina crumpled and easily broken, when whole, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 3 - 12cm long, 2 - 5cm wide with acuminate apex and cuneate-decurrent base, margin entire or undulate, upper surface green and lower surface greyish green. Glabrous on both surface, odor slight and taste extremely bitter.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section of leaf: Upper epidermal cells subsquare or rectangular, lower epidermal cells relatively small, both surface with crystal cells containing rounded, long-elliptical or clavate cystoliths. Glandular scales, sometimes non-glandular hairs visible. Palisade 1 - 2 rows of cells, across the upper part of midrib, spongy cells arranged loosely. Vascular bundles of midrib collateral and grooved, crystal cells occurring above the xylem.Surface view of leaf: Enlarge crystal cells occurring in the upper and lower epidermis, containing larger spiral cystoliths up to 36µm in diameter and 180µm long with a hilum-shaped scar in the large end, concentric striations wavy. Stomata more frequent on the lower epidermis, diacytic, sometimes anomocytic, subsidiary cells significantly varying in size. Head of glandular scales oblate, 4, 6, (8) celled up to 40µm in diameter, stalk very short, non-glandular hairs 1 - 4 celled, up to 160µm long and 40µm in diameter, with circular striations on the surface.2.To about 1g powder add 20ml of ethanol, heat to boil, filter, add 0.3g of activated charcoal to the filtrate, stir filter. To 1ml of the filtrate, add 1 - 2 drops of a mixture of dinitrobenzoic acid TS and potassium hydroxide in ethanol TS mixed in equal portions, a purple red color appears, to another 1ml of the filtrate add 1 drop of alkaline trinitrophenol TS, a brown color appears gradually. To The third 1ml of the filtrate add several drops of potassium hydroxide in ethanol TS, a red color appears gradually then change to yellow on standing.Assay: Macerate 0.5g weighed accurately (for water determination weigh accurately another 2g, heat at 105ºC until constant weight) in 30ml of ethanol for 30 minutes then ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter, wash the residue with three suitable portions of ethanol. Evaporate the combined filtrate and washings to dryness, dissolve the residue in dehydrated ethanol in a 10ml volumetric flask. Add dehydrated ethanol to volume, shake well and use it as the test solution. Dissolve dehydroandrographolide CRS, weighed accurately in dehydrated ethanol to produce a solution containing 1mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix Vl B), using silca gel GF254 containing sodium carboxymetylcellulose as the coating substance and chloroform-acetone (15-7.5) as themobile phase. Apply alternately 4- 5µl of the reference solution to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, examine under ultra violet light (254nm). Carry out the thin layer chromatogaphy (thin layer chromatographic scanning method) Appendix Vl B, scan at wave length of ls=520nm and lR=370nm, measure the integration value of absorbance for the test solution and reference sol;ution and calculate. It contains not less than 0.4% of dehydroandrographolide (C20 H28 O4 ).

Processing  : Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean cut into sections and dry.

Action  : To remove heat, counteract toxicity, and induce subsidence of swelling.

Indication  : influenza with fever, sore throat, ulcers in the mouth or on the tongue; acute or chronic cough; colitis, dysentery; urinary tract infection with difficult painful urination; carbuncles, sores, venomous snake bite

Precautions  :

Dosage  : 6 to 9 g; appropriate quantity for external use.

Storage  : Preserve in a dry place.

Evidence or the Use of Andrographis paniculata in the Treatment of Epilepesy

1st Five Results: pubmed search

Ramzi Amin, Muhammad Apriliandy Shariff, Petty Purwanita, Mgs Irsan Saleh
Andrographis Paniculata (Burm. F.) Flavonoid Compound and Prevention of Diabetic Retinopathy.
J Ophthalmic Vis Res: 2024, 19(1);33-40
[PubMed:38638635] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

Preetha Iyengar, Gala Godoy-Brewer, Isha Maniyar, Jacob White, Laura Maas, Alyssa M Parian, Berkeley Limketkai
Herbal Medicines for the Treatment of Active Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Nutrients: 2024, 16(7);
[PubMed:38612967] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Shaofen Jian, Si Wan, Yang Lin, Chu Zhong
##Title##
Int J Mol Sci: 2024, 25(7);
[PubMed:38612797] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Chengyu Ye, Baofan Zhang, Zhongjie Tang, Cuiping Zheng, Qiongzhang Wang, Xiangmin Tong
Synergistic action of Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Andrographis paniculata in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Downregulating AKT1 and upregulating VEGFA to curb tumorigenesis.
Int Immunopharmacol: 2024, 132;111866
[PubMed:38603854] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)

Yong-Guang Liu, Shan-Shan Zhang, Su-Wei Jin, Tian-Ji Xia, Yong-Hong Liao, Rui-Le Pan, Ming-Zhu Yan, Qi Chang
Anti-inflammatory effect and pharmacokinetics of dehydroandrographolide, an active component of Andrographis paniculata, on Poly(I:C)-induced acute lung injury.
Biomed Pharmacother: 2024, 174;116456
[PubMed:38552441] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I a)