Amomum tsaoko

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Nomenclature

Other Names:

Historical Use of Amomum tsaoko

Amomum tsaoko in Traditional Chinese Medicine

Background

Caoguoren ²Ý¹ûÈÊ Weicaoguo ìвݹû Chinese Name (pinyin): Caoguo

Chinese Name  :

Common Name  :Caoguo

Specific Name  : Fructus tsaoko

Scientific Name:
Collection  : The drug is collected in autumn when ripe. Remove from foreign matter and dried in the sun or at a low temperature.

Description  : Long ellipsoid, 3-obtuse-ridged, 2 - 4cm long, 1 - 2.5cm in diameter. Externally greyish brown to reddish brown, with longitudinally furrows and ribs. A rounded and projected stylopodium on the summit and a fruit stalk or its scar at the base. Pericarp tough, easily torn off longitudinally. On peeling off the exocarp the central part showing yellowish brown septa dividing the masses of seeds into 3 groups, each having mostly 8 - 11 seeds. Seeds conicalpolyhedral, about 5mm in diameter, externally reddish brown covered with greyish-white membranous aril. Seed with a longitudinal furrowed raphe and a dented hilium at the apex, texture hard, endosperm greyish white. Odour, characteristic aromatic, taste pungent and slightly bitter.

Identification  : 1.Transverse section of seed: Parenchymatous cells of arillus containing starch granules. Epidermal cells of testa brown, rectangular with relatively thick wall, hypodermis consisting of 1 layer of parenxhymatous cells containing yellow contents. 1 row of oil cells, subsquare or rectangular, 42 - 162µm long tangentially and 48 - 68µm long radially, containing yellow oil droplets. Pigment layer consisting of several rows of brown cells. Tegment consisting of 1 row of palisade stone cells, reddish brown with heavily thickened inner and lateral walls, lumen small containing silica bodies. Cells of perisperm containing starch granules and a few small clusters and prisms of calcium oxalate. Cells of endosperm containing aleurone grains and starch granules.2.Dissolve a quantity of volatile oil obtained under Assay in ethanol to produce a solution containing 50µl per ml as the test solution. Dissolve a quantity of cineole in ethanol to produce a solution containing 20µl per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography (Appendix lV B) using silca gel G as the coating substance and n-hexane-ethyl acetate (17:3) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 1 µl of each of the two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in the air, spray with 5% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid and heat at 105ºC for several minutes. The blue spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and color to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.Assay: Carry out the method for determination of volatile oil (Appendix X D). The seeds contain not less than 1.4% (ml/g) volatile oil.

Processing  : Seeds of Tsaoko: stir fry the fructus Tsaoko as described under the method for simple stir frying (Appendix ll D) until it becomes brown and slightly inflated and then remove the husk to collect the seeds. Break into pieces before use.Processed with ginger: stir fry the fructus Tsaoko as described under the method for stir frying with ginger (Appendix ll D) to dryness, break to pieces before use.

Action  : To remove cold-damp in the spleen and the stomach, and to stop malarial attacks.

Indication  : accumulation of cold-damp in the spleen and the stomach manifested by epigastric distension, fullness and pain accompanied by vomiting; malaria with paroxysms of chills and fever

Precautions  :

Dosage  : 3 to 6 g.

Storage  : Preserve in a cool and dry place.

Synonymns for Amomum tsaoko

Patent Medicines and Medicines with Multiple Ingredients that include Amomum tsaoko

Pharmaceutical Information

Chemical Constituents

Evidence or the Use of Amomum tsaoko in the Treatment of Epilepesy

Basic Science

Animal Studies

Cohort, Case-Control and Non-Randomized Trials

Randomized Controlled Trials

Meta-Analysis

1st Five Results: pubmed search

Sehrish Imran, Yamin Bibi, Li-E Yang, Abdul Qayyum, Wei He, Jiazhen Yang, Xiaomeng Yang, Xiaoying Pu, Xia Li, Yawen Zeng
##Title##
Heliyon: 2024, 10(5);e27492
[PubMed:38463888] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

Tian-Rong Yang, Shi-Chao Huang, Yun-Fen Wang, Zai-Xiang Lou, Shao-Xing Dai, Li-Hua Su, Min Xu
Tsaokoflavanols A1-J1: Flavanol-fatty alcohol hybrids with HPL inhibitory activity from Amomum tsao-ko.
Phytochemistry: 2024, 219;113982
[PubMed:38215812] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Gang He, Shao-Bing Yang, Yuan-Zhong Wang
An integrated chemical characterization based on FT-NIR, and GC-MS for the comparative metabolite profiling of 3 species of the genus Amomum.
Anal Chim Acta: 2023, 1280;341869
[PubMed:37858569] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sha Yan, Yibing Liu, Wen Zhao, Hongmu Zhao, Xiaofeng Xue
Chemical markers of a rare honey from the traditional spice plant Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarié, via integrated GC-MS and LC-MS approaches.
Food Res Int: 2023, 172;113234
[PubMed:37689964] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Youjin Zhang, Rongxiu Su, Honglun Yuan, Haihong Zhou, Yiding Jiangfang, Xianqing Liu, Jie Luo
Widely Targeted Volatilomics and Metabolomics Analysis Reveal the Metabolic Composition and Diversity of Zingiberaceae Plants.
Metabolites: 2023, 13(6);
[PubMed:37367858] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P e)

Safety

Allergies

Side Effect and Warnings

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Adverse Effects